Web Security

The OWASP Top 10 isn’t just a checklist — it’s a snapshot of how real-world breaches happen. The 2021 revision reorganized the previous list around root causes rather than symptoms, which makes it a much better map for both developers and security engineers. This guide walks through each category with reproducible examples, fixes, and detections. ...

Cross-site scripting is twenty-five years old and still topping bug bounty payouts. Modern frameworks make trivial reflected XSS rare — but the bug class evolved, not disappeared. Here’s the 2026 view. The Three Flavors Type Where the payload lives Trigger Reflected URL or form, echoed in response Victim clicks crafted link Stored Database, served back to other users Victim visits an infected page DOM-based Sink in client-side JS reads a source Anything that influences the source Stored XSS is highest impact (often worm-able). DOM XSS dominates modern SPAs because so much state lives in the browser. ...

SQL injection is twenty-five years old and still in the OWASP Top 10. This guide covers detection, exploitation, automation with sqlmap, and modern defenses — with examples that work on real, modern stacks. Detection: The First Tick The classic single-quote test still works against bad code: ...